<2023 Edition> Battery Module Pack Material Technology Trend and Market Outlook
According to SNE Research, a market research firm
specializing in secondary batteries and electric vehicles, the global EV market
(BEV+PHEV) is expected to grow at an annual average of 21% from about 10
million units in 2022 to about 50 million units in 2030. Therefore, thanks to
the growth of the battery market, the battery pack market will also grow high
by 2030, and the size of the market is as follows.
|
|
'22 |
'25 |
'30 |
|
Pack Market |
68 |
146 |
321 |
unit :
Billion $
(2023 Battery Module Pack Material Technology Trend
and Market Outlook, SNE Research)
Therefore, an understanding of the size and market of
elements such as BMS, power unit, harness, inter-cell components, housing, and
heat dissipation, which are the components that make up such a pack, is
expected to provide many opportunities to the growing battery pack market. For
example, materials such as Al(aluminium) / carbon fiber reinforced composite
material / plastic / steel are used, and the recent development direction of
the housing includes consideration of weight reduction, compliance with
electromagnetic wave regulations, and thermal management.
EV is a vehicle in which driving power is transmitted
to lithium-ion batteries, electric drive motors, reducers, and wheels. The
power train does not require special maintenance during the warranty period,
and periodic maintenance such as replacement of filters is required. The first
part that breaks down in an electric vehicle is a battery, and the body, power
electronics, and motors tend to have a long life.
Battery accounts for 40-50% of the production cost of
EV, and it is urgent to secure the price competitiveness of battery packs for
the growth of the EV market.
In the vehicle market, the use of materials occupies a
large part. Some materials used in electric vehicles are almost similar to
those used in internal combustion engines. This is especially true of the parts
that make up the body, chassis and interior. However, the main difference
between the two is the powertrain. Internal combustion engine and other
powertrain components are replaced by batteries and electric motors in electric
vehicles. Unlike the internal combustion engine powertrain, a very different
material is considered for lithium-ion batteries and battery packs. The
powertrain of an internal combustion engine vehicle is generally made of iron
or aluminum alloy.
At the same time, these materials can be seen to be in
great demand in electric vehicles. Cobalt, copper, graphite, lithium,
manganese, and nickel are expected to be in high demand in the next decade. With
the exception of the EV market, such big demand is not easy to see.
EV-only integrated platform (Modular Platform) is the
mainstream and has the following characteristics.
●
Change to a
skateboard-type platform considering the ride & handling aspect of the
vehicle, assemblability, and serviceability aspect
●
The recently launched EV
is a dedicated platform for OEMs and applies to vehicles of various sizes
●
The capacity expansion of
the battery pack according to the driving distance addition facilities ->
Modular pack is possible
●
Combining and
standardizing parts and simplifying assembly lines becomes possible ->
Reducing costs per vehicle
●
Delivered in standardized
cell or CMA form, pack assembly becomes possible in OEM
After analyzing the pack level information of the
recently released major electric vehicles, it has a wide variety of designs and
specifications by company, and the number of cells and chemical composition
evolve as the generation is repeated.
●
Audi and VW used NCM622
cathode materials and NG anode materials of LGES, NCM622+NCA cathode materials
and NG+AG anode materials of SDI, and NCM712 of LGES for ID.4.
●
BMW used SDI's NCM111 and
622 and now applies NCA, and also used CATL’s NCM523 and now applies 811
●
Hyundai-Kia Motors is
applying SK On's NCM811 cathode materials and NG anode materials to the e-GMP
application model
●
Tesla is applying
cylindrical NCM811 and NCA, and recently applied CATL’s square LFP.
Energy density is improving, which is seen as a result
of increased energy density of battery cells and improved battery pack material
selection and pack design technology.
●
The average energy density
of EVs released before 2020 is 131Wh/kg, and vehicles recently launched on
EV-only platforms are expected to exceed the average of 150Wh/kg to 187Wh/kg by
2025.
●
Energy density is expected
to increase further due to battery packs that incorporate the Module-less
concept, such as Cell to Pack technology.
In this report, we describe changes in terms of
materials used in accordance with the development trend of battery packs. We
describe changes in battery pack materials in accordance with development
directions such as light weight, improvement of EV battery density, and
stability issues due to TP technology. In addition, it includes elements such
as element technology (welding/soldering) necessary for the material to be
bonded to the battery pack, and information on the direction of thermal runaway
prevention technology.
Strong point
of view of this report
- See the
division and prospects from EV to the four major materials and battery packs
market
- Know the
configuration and information of the battery cell type
(pouch/cylindrical/square)
- Learn
about the EV platform for each vehicle OEM
- See the
specifications of these battery packs, energy density, and so on
- Know about
the material used for the various annexes of manufactures comprising the
battery pack
- See the
technique of bonding these components
- Find
information about the companies participating in the above pack manufacturing
technology
-Contents-
Part 1. EV and Battery,
Battery Pack Market Outlook
●
Global EV Market Outlook
●
Global Battery Pack Market Outlook
●
Global Battery Pack
Components Market Outlook
●
Cost Configuration of
Major Battery Components
●
Battery Pack Material Used
for the EV Battery
√ Pack Housing Material
√ Thermal Management Material
√ Inter-cell Structure Material
√ Outlook for Battery Cell Material
√ Cathode Material
√ Anode Material
√ Seperator Film
√ Electrolyte
Part 2. Major Component
Material of Battery Cell, Module, Pack
●
Types of EV
●
Main Components of EV
●
Powertrain Specification
for Each Types of EV
●
Battery Materials of EV
●
Value Chain Configuration
of EV Battery Material
●
Difference of Cell, Module, Pack
●
Types of Battery Cell
●
Consideration of Battery Cell Type
●
Selection of Battery Cell Type
●
Selection of EV Battery
Cell Type
●
Main Components of Cell
Cylindrical / Square / Pouch Type
●
Materials of Battery Packs
(Major Material Companies)
Henkel / Toray / Lanxess
/
Ascend / BASF / DuPont /
Tesla
Part 3. Major Materials Included in Cell, Module, Pack
● Material
Required for EV Battery
●
Main Material to be
Presented in the Report
●
Changes of the Battery
Cell Chemical Composition: High Ni
●
Energy Density of Battery
Cell and Pack Level
●
Configuration of Battery
Pack Main Parts
Part 4. Battery Cell, Module, Pack Platform Trend
●
Development Trends of EV
Platform and Battery Pack
VW MEB
HKMC e-GMP
GM Ultium
Tesla
Toyota e-TNGA
Features of a Module-free
Battery Pack
-BYD CTP Pack
-CATL CTP Pack
Application of Hybrid
Battery Pack
Systems of AB Battery Pack
Part 5. EV Battery Pack Specification Analysis
●
Average Capacity(kWh) of
EV Battery Packs for Passenger Cars
●
Energy Density
Analysis(kWh/kg) of EV Battery Packs
●
Usable Energy Analysis of
EV Battery Packs
●
Weight Ratio of the Battery
Pack Major Components
●
Major EV Battery Pack
Specification Summary 1
●
Major EV Battery Pack
Specification Summary 2
●
Major EV Battery Pack
Specification Summary 3 (Usable energy)
Part 6. Main Components of the Pack
●
Cell Construction Materials and Components
Lithium-ion Secondary Battery
Types of Cathode Material
Types of Anode Material
Types of Separator Film
Types of Electrolyte
Main Component for Each Types of Battery Cell
●
Thermal Interface
Materials (TIM) for Battery Packs
Types of TIM
Main Materials of TIM
Application Case for EV
Comparison of TIM Shape and Material
Main Considerations of TIM
Development Trend of TIM
Outlook by TIM Type
●
Housing (Tray, Cover,
Gasket) and Cooling Plate Material for Battery Pack
Housing Development and
Material Trends
Polymer Composite Material
Al Alloy Material
Stainless Steel Material
Pack Sealing Gasket
Material
Pack Cooling Plate
Material
●
Flame Resistant Material
for the Pack Protection and Solution
Thermal Runaway
Necessity of the Battery
Pack Flame Resisting
Thermal Runaway Prevention Solution
●
Inter-cell Components and Materials
Component Materials
Comprising Modules (cylindrical, square, pouch-type)
Insulating Material
between cells (Foams)
Compression pad
Connecting Electrical Components
(Busbar, FPCB)
Summary of Connecting
Electrical Components Materials (Copper, Al)
Connecting Component
Junction Technique (Soldering / Welding)
Part 7. Major
Companies Status
●
Cell
Cell gasket
: Sang-A Frontec
Cell can
: Sangsin EDP
Dongwon Systems
Cell pouch
: Youlchon Chemistry
●
Module and Pack
Busbar & ICB Assembly
KET / Younghwa Tech / LS
EV Korea / Hyunwoo PCB / Daeduck Electronics
Harness Assembly
Yura Corporation /
Kyungshin
Housing Assembly
Hanjoo Metal / Aluko /
Inzi Controls / Shinsung Delta Tech
Thermal Management System
Hanon Systems
Thermal Management
Materials
WACKER / Saint-Gobain PPL
Pack gasket
Dong-A Hwa Sung
Pack Module
Manufacturing
Sebang Lithium Battery /
Amada Weld Tech Korea / Trumpf Korea